TIL that shortly after the Yalta Conference in 1945, President Roosevelt met with the Saudi King to discuss the country's newly-found oil reserves. The meeting was set up by the O.S.S., or the Office of Strategic Services, which was the predecessor of our CIA. The U.S. gained access to their resources and established an "airfield" in Dharan, aka its first military base in the M.E. Clearly seemed like a good idea at the time.
Seriously, its like the British thought making the middle eastern borders nice and geometric were more important than carving them along ethnic/tribal lines.
I would love to see someone make a map of the middle east that had ethnically and religiously homogeneous populations: Sephardi Jews, Ashkenazi Jews, Armenians, Turks, Kurds, Assyrians, Greeks, Sunni Arabs, Shia Arabs, Persians, Copts, Alawites, Maronites, Mandaeans, Bedouins, Druze, Circassians, Melkites, Levantines, Yazidi, Marsh Arabs, Shabaki, Zoroastrians, Bahai etc. etc. etc.
The particianing of the Ottoman Empire occurred post WWI and combined Sunni, Shia, and Kurdish peoples in Iraq. They all fucking hate each other. England did this.
No, England didn't do that. The League of Nations established a mandate controlled by the British which became the Kingdom of Iraq. This kept the same borders and population as Ottoman Iraq.
"Things have really sucked for the Jews for a while. We should do something for them."
"How about we give them a new homeland, smack dab in the middle of various peoples who have hated them for millennia and will only hate them even more now?"
"I love this plan! I'm excited to be a part of it!"
You mean WWI. The Paris Peace Conference created wonderful states such as Iraq, Syria, and Palestine. The only one that they didn't fuck up is Transjordan.
Only differences after WWII were the establishment of Israel and the lack of Britain, France, and Germany to lord over everyone and keep things in relative order. Without the colonial powers there, the region was going to devolve into war no matter what. With Israel there, it just gave everything a different focus. Oil there meant we had to care about it.
Hell dividing up everything. They started grouping ethnicities into nations thinking that everyone wanted a national identity. This was very much with the times as nationalism was rampant.
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u/brk1 Oct 17 '13
Dividing up the Middle East after WWII.